This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Moral Identity Scale, and questionnaires on moral sensitivity and moral image. They were administered on 291 students (165 girls and 117 boys) of the Islamic Azad University, Roudehen branch. To do exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with different samples, the data were divided into two groups with 141 students in each group. Principal component analysis, using data related to one of the sample groups, confirmed two-factor structure of moral identity (symbolization and internalization). The results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the above factor structure. The coefficients of correlation between the moral image questionnaire, moral sensitivity, and moral identity scales indicated the concurrent validity of the scale. Cronbach's alpha for the symbolization and internalization were 0.82 and 0.86 respectively. The results of the present study, in sum, identified the Moral Identity Scale as an ideal psychometric tool to measure moral identity of Islamic Azad University, Roudehen branch students.

the aim of this study was to test the factor structure and internal consistency of the 10-item moral identity of (Aquino & Reed, 2002) based on moral traits of an Iranian sample of college students. The sample consisted of 429 students (313 females, 111 males, 5 not reported). The exploratory factor analysis identified two factors accounting for 50. 41% of the variance: Symbolization (34. 67%) and internalization (15. 74%). Internal consistency of the symbolization and internalization factors were 75% and 61%, respectively. The confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the two factor model fitted the data better than one factor model.

Background: Creating patience in an organization, which is one of the most valuable moral virtues, can lead to improving the quality of decision-making, achieving long-term goals, and increasing efficiency in the organization. This research was conducted to identify the factors that are effective in creating patience in the organization and determine their importance. Method: The research method is qualitative and was conducted in three steps. This research is fundamental-applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population in the first step (metasynthesis method) includes research and studies conducted on patience and patience in organizations in reliable and accessible scientific databases, from which sampling was carried out using the criterion-based purposive sampling method. In the second step, the fuzzy Delphi technique was used to refine and confirm the findings of the meta-synthesis method, and in the third step, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process was used to prioritize them. The statistical population of the second and third steps included all experts consisting of university professors, managers, and experts from government organizations in Fars province, from whom 15 people were selected as a sample in a purposeful and non-random manner. The tools used include 2 questionnaires for the fuzzy Delphi method and 8 paired comparison questionnaires. SPSS, Fuzzy Delphi Solver, Chang Fuzzy AHP Solver, and Gogus and Boucher Solver software were used to analyze the data. Results: Using the meta-synthesis method, 28 codes (factors) were extracted and by using Fuzzy Delphi, 11 other factors were also suggested by experts and finally 39 factors were identified and confirmed as effective factors in creating patience in the organization, in 7 dimensions. Then, using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, the weight and importance of these factors were determined. The findings show that the dimension of individuals-managers with a weight of 0. 333 has the most importance in creating patience in the organization and "managers' refraining from hasty decisions" with a weight of 0. 213 is the most important factor in this dimension. Conclusion: To create patience in an organization, it is necessary to apply patience in 7 dimensions of the organization, and among them, managers play the most important role in creating patience in the organization.

In order to construct a moral identity scale primarily based on Aquino and Reed (2002) model, two pilot studies were conducted. The first study aimed to identify moral traits among college students. One hundred and twenty two students (56% females) participated in a free-listing task. The participants were asked to list characteristics that a moral person possessed. A content analysis of the traits based on five criteria (Hardy et al, 2011) resulted in 26 non-redundant traits. In order to obtain further evidence that these 26 traits had sufficient content validity, in a sample different from the first study 217 students (58% females) were asked to rate each trait using a scale ranging from 1(absolutely unnecessary) to 5 (absolutely necessary). The results indicated that 24 traits were judged to be above the midpoint of the scale. Investigating the results of females and males students led to identification of nine traits that had the highest ratings: polite, trustworthy, honest, self-respect, rational, loyal, fair, religious, and patient. These nine traits were considered as identity-invoking stimuli for constructing moral identity scale. The implications of the findings were discussed.

Introduction: Morality and moral behavior are one of the main themes of psychology. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between reinforcement sensitivity و moral identity, moral cognition and utilitarianism in personal and impersonal moral judgments. Method: Statistical population consisted of 303 students (only males) were randomly selected through multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Results: Results showed a strong relationship between Reinforcement Sensitivity dimensions with moral identity, moral cognition and personal and impersonal moral judgment. The series of multiple regression analyses showed that Fight-Flight-Freeze systems (FFFS) were strongly able to predict moral dimensions of cognition, identity and moral judgment. FFFS were strong predictors in all of moral dimensions. Conclusion: The results expand the understanding of the moral dimensions and indicate how domains of reinforcement sensitivity could explain the moral identity, moral cognition and utilitarianism in moral judgments.

Aim and Background: The aim of this study was to exams the moral identity model based on personality traits, moral reasoning, perceived parental style and personal identity of adolescence. Materials and Methods: The research method was a descriptive-correlation design. Statistical population was secondary high school students who were studying in Mashhad in the academic year 2019-20. Subjects were selected through the random cluster sampling (199 high school students). They completed Benion & Adamz's Self-identity Scale (1986), Neo Personality scale (1985), Rest's Defining Issues Test (1999), Bamerind's Perceived Parenting Style Scale (1973) and Aquino & Reed's moral Identity Scale (2002). Data analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings: Findings showed that the proposed model of moral identity based on the variables has a good fit. Internal correlation is significant in most research variables, the results have shown that the direct effects of moral reasoning on moral identity, personality traits on identity state and on reasoning moral and moral identity was meaningful. The effect of parenting styles on identity state and moral reasoning and identity state on moral identity was significant. The results also showed that all indirect effects of the model are also significant. Moral reasoning was the mediator of the effect of each personality variable on moral identity and the effect of parenting styles on moral identity. In addition, the results indicate an indirect and significant effect of personality traits and parenting styles on moral identity through the mediation of personal identity and personality traits and parenting style on moral identity through the mediation of identity bases Conclusion: According to the findings, apart from the role of each proposed variable in moral identity, personality traits and parenting styles have a mediating role in the development of moral identity by influencing personal identity and moral reasoning.